Ngokwandiswa okuqhubekayo kolwakhiwo lweziseko ezingundoqo eTshayina, imfuno yoomatshini bokwakha iqhubekile nokukhula kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo.I-China iye yaba yeyona marike inkulu yehlabathi yoomatshini bokwakha kunye nezixhobo, kwaye intengiso kunye nobunini bezixhobo ziqala kwihlabathi.Ngokwezibalo ze-China Construction Machinery Industry Association, ekupheleni kwe-2017, inani leemveliso eziphambili zoomatshini bokwakha e-China malunga ne-6.9 yezigidi ukuya kwi-7.47 yezigidi zeeyunithi, ezisakhulayo.Ijika lophuhliso liboniswa kuMfanekiso 1 (ubalwe ngexabiso eliphakathi)
Umzobo 1: Oomatshini bokwakha baseTshayina kunye noluhlu lwezixhobo (iiyunithi ezili-10000)
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, imarike yokuthengisa izixhobo yomelele kakhulu, nto leyo ekhokelele kubenzi bezixhobo kunye neearhente ngokubanzi zijolise ekuthengiseni kwaye zincinci kwiinkonzo, kwaye zivakalelwa kukuba kunzima ukwenza imali kwiinkonzo zokugcina.Kwangaxeshanye, abavelisi beempawu bavumela iiarhente kuphela ukuba zisebenze kumacandelo okuqala, kwaye abavumelekanga ukuba benze ishishini lamacandelo angaphantsi komzi-mveliso, nto leyo izisa amathuba abalaseleyo ophuhliso kwiivenkile zamacandelo.Iiarhente zibonelela abathengi kuphela ngokhetho lwamacandelo okuqala, oko kuthetha ukuba abanakukhetha.Ukuhla kwemarike kwenza abasebenzisi banganyamezeleki kumaxabiso aphezulu amaxabiso okuqala.Abasebenzisi abaninzi baqala ukusebenzisa iinxalenye ze-sub-factory, kwaye ngaphezu kwe-80% yabasebenzisi Ukuthenga iinxalenye ze-accessory emva kokuphela kwexesha lewaranti, "Yenziwe e-China" yenza iindawo zasekhaya ezixhasa iifektri zihluma njengamakhowa emva kwemvula, umgangatho ungaphezulu. kwaye ethembeke ngakumbi, kwaye iindleko ziya ziphantsi nangaphantsi, nto leyo ekwabonelela nethuba elikhulu lophuhliso kwiivenkile zamacandelo.Kunokuthiwa kuphuhliso lwamacandelo ancedisayo kunye nevenkile yezixhobo eziye zanceda abathengi abaninzi ngexesha elinzima loshishino.
Ukugcinwa kwezixhobo ezinkulu kuzise amakhulu eebhiliyoni zeenxalenye kunye neenkonzo kwi-aftermarket.Abavelisi kunye neearhente ziye zakuqonda ukubaluleka kokuthengisa emva.Uphuhliso lwe-Intanethi luzise amathuba amatsha kwimarike yasemva.Amaqonga e-Intanethi avela emva komnye, kwaye ukhuphiswano kwi-aftermarket luya kuba lukhuni ngakumbi, konke oku kuya kuzisa imingeni emitsha kuphuhliso lweevenkile zezixhobo.Lithini ikamva leevenkile zezincedisi?Abanini abaninzi beevenkile zezixhobo bayathandabuza malunga noku.Umbhali uzama ukuthetha ngeembono zakhe kwiinkalo ezintathu.
1. Iivenkile zeenxalenye kufuneka ziphuhlise kwicala lophawu kunye nomgangatho ophezulu
Nanini na xa kukho umntu okhankanya ivenkile encedisayo, umntu uyinxulumanisa "nomama kunye nevenkile yepop" kunye "neendawo zomgunyathi".Kuyinyani ukuba iivenkile ezininzi zezixhobo ziye zaphuhliswa ngohlobo lweevenkile zoomama kunye nepop, kwaye umgangatho wamacandelo abaqale ukusebenza wawungathembekanga, kodwa loo nto yayisele ikhalenda endala.
Umzobo 2: Utshintsho kwiimveliso zevenkile yezincedisi
Iivenkile zanamhlanje zamashishini zisebenza ngakumbi nangakumbi kwiimpawu zasekhaya nezangaphandle (Umfanekiso 2).Umgangatho kunye nexabiso leemveliso zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zabathengi kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo.Amalungu amaninzi athelekiseka nenxalenye yokuqala, kodwa amaxabiso akhuphisana ngakumbi..Iivenkile zeengxenye kunye neearhente zineemodeli ezahlukeneyo.Abasasazi baneentlobo ngeentlobo zezincedisi, kwaye kukho amawaka eentlobo zamacandelo.Nangona kunjalo, iivenkile zamacandelo zisebenza kuphela iintlobo ezimbalwa zeemveliso ngokwezinto eziluncedo zazo, kwaye kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeenxalenye.Izibonelelo zemveliso, iinzuzo zebhetshi, ii-Multi-brands kunye nokuguquguquka kwexabiso zivumela iivenkile zezixhobo ukuba zihlangabezane ngcono neemfuno zabathengi, kwaye izinga lesitokhwe samalungu liphezulu;Kwangaxeshanye, iivenkile ezininzi zezixhobo zifumaneka kwisitrato sezixhobo okanye kwisixeko se-electromechanical.Kulula ukubonelela abathengi ngenkonzo yokumisa enye ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zabasebenzisi bamacandelo.
Kwixesha elizayo, iivenkile ze-accessories kunye nemibutho yezixhobo kufuneka zikhuthaze ngamandla iimpawu zabo, ukwenzela ukuba iivenkile zezixhobo zikwazi ukuzoba ngokupheleleyo umgca ocacileyo kunye namalungu angama-fake kunye ne-shoddy, ukuze uphumelele ukuthembela kwabathengi abaninzi kwaye uzuze isabelo esikhulu semarike.Umbutho wezincedisi kufuneka ukhuthaze ngokunyanisekileyo ulawulo olunyanisekileyo kwaye uphelise ukuthengisa iindawo zomgunyathi, nto leyo eya konakalisa kuphela isidima sevenkile yezincedisi.I-Guangzhou liziko lokusasaza imarike yoomatshini bokwakha baseTshayina."IGuangzhou zizixhobo zelizwe, kwaye izixhobo zaseGuangzhou yiPearl Village."Rhoqo ngonyaka, amashumi eebhiliyoni zezixhobo ziyathengiswa ukusuka eGuangzhou ukuya kuzo zonke iindawo zelizwe, kwaye zide zithunyelwe kuzo zonke iindawo zehlabathi.Imakethi yezahlulo zaseGuangzhou iye yaba likhadi leshishini leemarike zoomatshini bokwakha baseTshayina.Umphumo wolu phawu uxhomekeke kumgangatho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamacandelo, okufanelekile ukufunda kwiivenkile ezithengisayo kwamanye amaphondo.
2. Iivenkile zeengxenye zifuna ukuguqulwa kwedijithali kunye nokuphuculwa kolawulo
Umbhali wafunda waza wathelekisa idata phezulu 50 oomatshini bokwakha ehlabathini, kwaye wafumana iziphumo umdla: ukusuka 2012 ukuya 2016, China waba phezulu 50, kunye nezalathi isikali ezifana nenani leenkampani kuluhlu, iyonke. i-asethi, abasebenzi bebonke kunye neentengiso ze-Shangjun zirenki kwindawo ezintathu eziphezulu, kodwa ikwindawo yesithathu esezantsi ngokwezalathisi ezisebenzayo ezifana nokuthengiswa komntu ngamnye, umda wengeniso kunye nembuyekezo kwii-asethi!Oku kuphantse kufane kwimeko yeenkampani zaseTshayina kwi-Fortune 500 ngo-2018: iinkampani ze-120 zaseTshayina ziye zangena kwi-500 ephezulu yehlabathi, zibeka phezulu kwinani kunye nesikali seenkampani kuluhlu, kodwa emazantsi kuluhlu ngokwemiqathango. yenzuzo, imbuyekezo kwintengiso kunye nembuyekezo kwi-equity ehla unyaka nonyaka.Ukhuphiswano lweshishini lubonakaliswa ikakhulu ekusebenzeni ngokufanelekileyo.Emva kokuba ishishini lidlulile ixesha lophuhliso olukhawulezayo, ukuba aliyi kuqwalasela kwaye liphucule ukusebenza kwalo, kunzima ukuqhubela phambili ngokuthembela kuphela kuphuhliso olubanzi, singasathethi ke ivenkile yenkulungwane., Iivenkile zoomatshini bokwakha zijongene nemingeni enje.
Ngaphambili, ivenkile yamalungu yaphambukisa ishishini lamalungu amaninzi, inceda abasebenzisi ukunciphisa iindleko zokulondoloza.Kukhuphiswano kunye neearhente, ivenkile yamacandelo ibonise iingenelo zokusebenza kweendleko kunye nokuguquguquka.Nangona kunjalo, nangona iivenkile ezininzi zisebenza kakuhle, ulawulo lwazo lusemva kakhulu.Ukugcinwa kweencwadi kunye nokugcinwa okungahleliwe kwempahla akuyi kuba nefuthe elikhulu xa isikali sincinci..Xa idatha ye-inventri ifunwa, mhlawumbi ayifumaneki, kwaye nokuba idatha ifunyenwe, ukuchaneka kubi.Akukho datha ye-inventri ye-elektroniki, kwaye uluhlu ngalunye kufuneka luvalwe iintsuku ezininzi.Kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba inkampani enkulu njengeWalmart ayizange ivalwe kuluhlu lwempahla!Inqanaba lolawulo lingundoqo.Ngeenkqubo ezifana ne-SAP, ii-akhawunti kunye nezinto eziphathekayo zingagcinwa zihambelana ngamaxesha onke.
Iivenkile ezininzi zamacandelo zisasebenzisa ulawulo lwamaxwebhu ephepha, ziswele inkqubo ye-invoyisi kunye neenkcukacha zombane, kwaye ngokusekwe kuphela kwidatha ye-elektroniki sinokufumana ukuqonda kwiimfuno zabathengi, iimfuno zabathengi bemigodi zinokusinceda ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwedatha enkulu nako Kunokunceda. ivenkile yezincedisi icwangcisa ntoni, nini, kwaye malini yonga.Umzekelo, ukuba iinxalenye zentengiso ye-arhente okanye ivenkile yezincedisi zenza kuphela i-25% ye-inventri iyonke, ukusetyenziswa kwedatha enkulu kunokunciphisa isixa se-inventri malunga ne-70%.Ulawulo lwempahla yenzululwazi luphucula kakhulu izinga lokusetyenziswa kwemali kunye nembuyekezo kutyalo-mali.Ixabiso.Ngoko ke, ivenkile yamacandelo idinga ukuguqulwa kwedijithali kunye nokuphuculwa kolawulo, kwaye inyathelo lokuqala kwinguqu yi-EDI (I-Electronic Data Interchange), ukwenzela ukuba umphathi angagcina ehambelana nokusebenza kwevenkile, ii-akhawunti ezifunyenweyo, ukuthengiswa kwempahla kunye nokuhamba kwemali..Akukho nanye kwezi ebinokwenzeka ngaphandle kwedatha ye-elektroniki.
Okwangoku, nangona iivenkile ezininzi zamashishini zisenza imali, ingeniso yazo iyehla.Abaphathi abaninzi abaqondi ukulawulwa kwe-inventory ye-spare parts, ekhokelela ekwandeni kwenani le-inventory, ukuhla kwezinga lokuguqulwa, kunye nokuncipha kwengeniso.Imali eninzi efunyenwe yivenkile esecaleni ijike yaba luluhlu kwaye yayibeka kwindawo yokugcina iimpahla.Okukhona ixesha lokusebenza lide, kokukhona uba likhulu uluhlu lwempahla.Ukhukuliseko lwenzuzo yogcino lwezincedisi unyaka nonyaka.Inqanaba lophuhliso olubanzi lweshishini lifikelele esiphelweni.Ukuqhubeka nokusebenza ngokwemodeli yasekuqaleni akunakukwenza nayiphi na imali.Kwixesha elizayo, ulawulo olusulungekileyo luyafuneka ukufumana imbuyekezo ephezulu kunye nemali encinci.
Njengomnini wevenkile, kufuneka ubeke iliso kwi-inventri yakho kuba imali yakho ikhona!Ngoko ke zama ukuphendula le mibuzo ilandelayo: Liphakame kangakanani isixa se-inventri kwindawo yakho yokugcina impahla?Yintoni iROI yezincedisi?Iphezulu kangakanani ireyithi yereyithi ye-spare parts kwi-inventory?Yeyiphi kuluhlu lwakho lwempahla elungileyo kwaye yeyiphi embi?Yimalini i-inventri yakho eyonqenayo?Zingaphi iindidi zezahlulo ezikhawulezayo, eziphakathi kunye nezicothayo ezikwindawo yokugcina impahla?Zeziphi izicwangciso zakho ezahlukeneyo zoluhlu lweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zamalungu?Ngaba uyazi ukuba kubiza kangakanani ukuthwala izixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo?Ukuba awukwazi ukuphendula le mibuzo ngokuchanekileyo, ululawula njani uluhlu lwakho lwempahla?
3. Iivenkile zezixhobo kufuneka zamkele i-Intanethi ukuze zifumane abathengi abaninzi
Ngophuhliso lwe-Intanethi, i-Intanethi yeZinto kunye nedatha enkulu, imodeli ye-Intanethi inokusebenza okuphezulu kunye neenzuzo zeendleko zokuqhagamshela abathengi.Kule meko, iivenkile zezixhobo nazo kufuneka ziguqulele kwi-Intanethi.Nokuba unexhala lokuba i-Intanethi inokuba abathengi bakho kwaye inciphise inzuzo yezixhobo, awukwazi ukumisa uphuhliso lwamaqonga e-Intanethi.Ayinakuphikiswa into yokuba uninzi lweemodeli zokufumana abathengi kunye neentengiso ze-Intanethi zinokufundwa kwaye zisetyenziswe ziivenkile zezixhobo, eziya kusinceda sifumane abathengi abaninzi.Kufuneka sibone ukuba imfuno yamalungu kunye neenkonzo ifuna ixesha eliphezulu.Akukho menzi okanye iqonga le-Intanethi elinokwakha ngokuzimeleyo i-warehousing enjalo, i-logistics kunye nokusabalalisa inethiwekhi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabathengi.Isisombululo kuphela kukudibanisa, abathengi, amaGcisa (ababhaka), iivenkile zokulungisa, iivenkile zeenxalenye, ii-arhente kunye nabanikezeli beenxalenye benza iqonga lokwabelana ngoomatshini bokwakha.Abathengi banokufumana iinxalenye zabo eziyimfuneko ngokungxamisekileyo ngeefowuni zabo eziphathwayo naphi na, kwaye iivenkile ezikufutshane naye ziya kuba ngumthengisi wakhe.I-Intanethi ayikokuseka i-monopoly, kodwa ukunika ixabiso, iyenze ibe lula ngakumbi kubasebenzisi, kwaye ivumele iivenkile zezixhobo zokwandisa ishishini labo kwaye zifumane abathengi abaninzi.Le "yimodeli ye-Intanethi" yeshishini lezinto ezizayo zevenkile.
Uluhlu lwezixhobo ezinkulu zoomatshini bokwakha baseTshayina ngumgodi wegolide kurhwebo lwasemva.Ukubanakho kweengxenye kwi-aftermarket ye-excavators kuphela idlula i-100 yezigidigidi.Amawakawaka eearhente kunye neevenkile ezithengisayo zinokubonelela abathengi ngezixhobo ezikhawulezayo zokubonelela, kwaye iivenkile zeenxalenye zikufuphi nemarike., kufutshane nomsebenzisi, ikamva lisathembisa.Nangona kunjalo, ireyithi ye-inventory ye-inventory ye-inventory ye-inventory ye-inventory eninzi yeevenkile i-2 ukuya kwi-3 kuphela amaxesha ngonyaka, kwaye umlinganiselo we-inventory onqenayo uphezulu ukuya kuma-30% ukuya kuma-50%.Ngamanye amazwi, amashumi eebhiliyoni zoluhlu lweempahla oluvila luqokelelwa kwiindawo zokugcina abathengisi kunye neevenkile zenxalenye, ezichaphazela kakhulu ukuhamba kwemali kunye neengeniso kunye nokwandisa umngcipheko woluhlu.I-Intanethi inokunceda iiarhente kunye neevenkile ezigcina iinxalenye zokwandisa ingeniso yoluhlu kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-08-2023